Objective To investigate the effects of different modes of intermittent pneumatic compression（IPC） in preventing deep vein thrombosis（DVT） in patients undergoing laparoscopic rectal cancer surgery.Methods From April 2020 to April 2021,130 patients for laparoscopic radical rectal cancer surgery（Dixon） were sequentially selected in a tertiary hospital,and they were divided into the control group,group Ⅰ,group Ⅱ,and groupⅢ by random number table method. The control group were routinely treated to prevent thrombosis during perioperative period,and other groups were treated with corresponding IPC mode during the operation on the basis of the treatment in the control group. Specifically,group Ⅰ adopted the IPC bipedal mode,and the plantar airbag was applied to 130 mmHg for 6 s,and then relaxed for 12 s. Group Ⅱ adopted the IPC double calf model,and the airbag was applied to the calf sequentially by 80 mmHg for 12 s and relaxed for 24 s. Group Ⅲ adopted IPC double calf + thigh mode,and airbags sequentially pressed 80 mmHg,70 mmHg and 60 mmHg from the ankle,calf and thigh respectively for 24 s and relaxed for 24 s. The venous hemodynamic changes of the lower extremities and the incidence of DVT in the 4 groups were compared before and after operation.Results Compared with the control group,group Ⅰ and group Ⅱ have statistically significant differences in the velocity rates of bilateral femoral common,superficial and popliteal veins before and after surgery（P<0.05）,while there is no difference in the change of blood vessel caliber. The incidences of DVT on the first day were improved significantly（P=0.039,P=0.042）,respectively. Compared with those in the control group,there were no significant difference in the velocity rates of bilateral total femoral veins,as well as the change of blood vessel caliber of bilateral common femoral vein,superficial femoral vein and popliteal vein in the group Ⅲ（P>0.05）. The incidence of DVT on the first day after surgery was not improved（P=0.820）. There were no statistically significant differences in the incidences of DVT between the 4 groups on the 7th day after surgery（P=0.125）.Conclusion Both the IPC foot mode and the IPC leg mode can reduce the incidence of DVT on the first day after laparoscopic rectal cancer surgery with similar efficacy.